Abstract:

Euryale ferox is an aquatic plant that belongs to the Nymphaeaceae family. It is native to Eastern and Southern Asia. It is also called as Makhana, Fox nut, Prickly water lily and Gorgon nut. The nutritional studies carried out to determine the constituents of Euryale ferox states that it consists of carbohydrates, proteins, moisture, minerals, fat, phosphorous, calcium and iron in addition to a lesser amount of ascorbic acid, phenol and sugar. The production of Euryale ferox is done in various states of India such as Bihar, West Bengal, Assam, Manipur, Tripura, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Eastern Odisha and Eastern Uttar Pradesh. In India, the 90% cultivation of this crop is done by Bihar. According to National Research Centre for Makhana, Darbhanga, there is 15,000 ha of fox nut cultivation in India. The seeds of Euryale ferox are used in the formulation of ayurvedic preparations. Makhana kernel stops diarrhoea and strengthens the kidneys. It is an excellent immune system stimulant. It also regulates blood pressure. It is used as a nutraceutical/functional food. Fox nut powder is used to prepare gluten-free biscuits for the people who avoid gluten in their diet for health purposes. Makhana flour is used to prepare Makhana Chapatti, Makhana Kalakand, Makhana Barfi and Makhana Cabbage Pakora.

Abstract:

Quantum entanglement is one of the most remarkable phenomena in quantum physics, enabling correlations between particles that remain connected regardless of distance. This paper investigates the theoretical foundations of quantum entanglement, its experimental realizations, and its revolutionary applications in quantum computing. Entanglement provides the basis for quantum algorithms, quantum cryptography, and quantum teleportation, paving the way for technologies that outperform their classical counterparts. A thorough examination of Bell’s inequality, entanglement measures, and modern technological implementations highlights the transformative potential of this field. While significant strides have been made, challenges such as decoherence and large-scale entanglement generation persist, driving further research into this profound aspect of quantum mechanics.

Abstract:

Relativity Theory, proposed by Albert Einstein in the early 20th century, revolutionized our understanding of space, time, and gravity. The theory comprises two main parts: Special Relativity (1905) and General Relativity (1915). Special Relativity redefined the concepts of space and time, establishing the constancy of the speed of light and time dilation. General Relativity extended these principles to include gravity, interpreting it as the curvature of spacetime caused by mass and energy. This paper revisits Einstein's original concepts, explores recent advances, and discusses practical applications in astrophysics, cosmology, and quantum mechanics. Further, it highlights unresolved questions and the potential integration of relativity theory with quantum field theory.